Dental erosion is defined as irreversible loss of dental hard tissue by a chemical process that does not involve bacteria.

Dissolution of mineralized tooth structure occurs:

• Upon contact with acids that are introduced into the oral cavity from intrinsic sources (e.g., gastroesophageal reflux, vomiting)
• or
• From extrinsic sources (e.g., acidic beverages, citrus fruits). Carbonated (fizzy)drinks, including diet drinks are very erosive. Lemons are far and away the most erosive fruit, followed by grapefruit.

Erosion is part of a larger picture of tooth wear, which also consists of attrition, abrasion, and possibly, abfraction.

Risk Factors

• Citrus fruits intake (more than twice daily)
• Sports drinks intake (weekly or more often)
• Soft drinks consumed (4-6 or more per week)
• Apple vinegar intake (weekly or more often)
• Eating disorder Vomiting (weekly or more often)
• Tooth grinding causing tooth wear
• Symptoms or history of gastroesophageal reflux disease

Treatment:

• Identification of the cause is important as a first step in management of erosion.
• If excessive dietary intake of acidic foods or beverages is discovered, patient education and counseling are important.
• If the patient has symptoms of acid reflux disease, then evaluation and in